Journal: The European respiratory journal

Article Title: The role of circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension

doi: 10.1183/13993003.00012-2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biogenesis and molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in health and disease. a) Generally, circRNAs (intronic, single exonic, multiple exonic and exon–intronic circRNAs) are produced by back-splicing from a single pre-mRNA of protein-coding genes, antisense transcripts or long non-coding RNAs. Another type of circRNA, tricRNA, is generated via a 3′-5′ phosphodiester bond between termini of introns that are removed from pre-tRNA by tRNA splicing enzymes. b–h) circRNAs can regulate transcription and translation, and also play important roles in different biological functions in health and disease. circRNAs can b) function as microRNA sponges, c) interact with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) to regulate transcription of target mRNAs, d) be translated into peptides/proteins, e) stabilise protein complexes, f) produce pseudo-genes by reverse transcription (RT), g) translocate proteins to the nucleus or sequester them in the cytoplasm and h) serve as a molecular biomarker. Through these molecular mechanisms, circRNAs can influence different cellular physiology, such as proliferation and apoptosis.

Article Snippet: One circRNA profiling study of an Arraystar circRNA microarray of COPD-PH patients identified a key circRNA, hsa_circNFXL1_009, that sponged with miR-29b-2-5p to potentially regulate proliferation, migration, apoptosis and potassium channel activation in PASMCs [ 26 ].

Techniques: Produced, Generated, RNA Binding Assay, Biomarker Assay

Journal: The European respiratory journal

Article Title: The role of circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension

doi: 10.1183/13993003.00012-2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: Circular RNA (circRNA)-related publications in different disease conditions in PubMed: 2016–2020. Numbers of articles were retrieved from PubMed (September 2021) using key words searching “circRNA”, “circRNA AND cardiovascular disease”, “circRNA AND lung disease”, “circRNA AND pulmonary hypertension”, “circRNA AND pulmonary arterial hypertension”.

Article Snippet: One circRNA profiling study of an Arraystar circRNA microarray of COPD-PH patients identified a key circRNA, hsa_circNFXL1_009, that sponged with miR-29b-2-5p to potentially regulate proliferation, migration, apoptosis and potassium channel activation in PASMCs [ 26 ].

Techniques:

Journal: The European respiratory journal

Article Title: The role of circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension

doi: 10.1183/13993003.00012-2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in biological processes in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Blue: in vitro findings; red: in vivo findings. circATP2B4, circ_0068481 and circGSAP findings are from studies related to pulmonary arterial hypertension; other circRNA findings represent other types of PH.

Article Snippet: One circRNA profiling study of an Arraystar circRNA microarray of COPD-PH patients identified a key circRNA, hsa_circNFXL1_009, that sponged with miR-29b-2-5p to potentially regulate proliferation, migration, apoptosis and potassium channel activation in PASMCs [ 26 ].

Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo

Journal: The European respiratory journal

Article Title: The role of circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension

doi: 10.1183/13993003.00012-2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: List of circular RNAs (circRNAs) involved in pulmonary hypertension (PH)

Article Snippet: One circRNA profiling study of an Arraystar circRNA microarray of COPD-PH patients identified a key circRNA, hsa_circNFXL1_009, that sponged with miR-29b-2-5p to potentially regulate proliferation, migration, apoptosis and potassium channel activation in PASMCs [ 26 ].

Techniques: Expressing, In Vitro, In Vivo, Migration, In Silico, Activation Assay, Over Expression

Journal: The European respiratory journal

Article Title: The role of circular RNAs in pulmonary hypertension

doi: 10.1183/13993003.00012-2022

Figure Lengend Snippet: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) that have biomarker potential in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)

Article Snippet: One circRNA profiling study of an Arraystar circRNA microarray of COPD-PH patients identified a key circRNA, hsa_circNFXL1_009, that sponged with miR-29b-2-5p to potentially regulate proliferation, migration, apoptosis and potassium channel activation in PASMCs [ 26 ].

Techniques: Biomarker Assay, Expressing, Diagnostic Assay

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: Angiotensin II inhibits apoptosis of mouse aortic smooth muscle cells through regulating the circNRG-1/miR-193b-5p/NRG-1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1590-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Scatter plots were used to evaluate the difference in the expression of circRNAs between Ang II and control groups. The values plotted on X and Y axes are the averaged normalized signal values of each group (log2 scaled). The circRNAs above the top green line and below the bottom green line indicate >1.5-fold change between the two groups. b Hierarchical clustering analysis showed the differentially expressed circRNAs over 2.0-fold change. Red color indicates high expression level, and blue color indicates low expression level. c Divergent and convergent primers were used to verify whether circNRG-1 was a circRNA. Convergent primers were used to detect NRG-1 mRNA. Divergent primers amplified circNRG-1 in cDNA but not gDNA. GAPDH served as linear control and size marker in base pairs. d Sanger sequencing confirmed head-to-tail junction of circNRG-1. e RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization for circNRG-1 was detected. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bars = 50 μm. f qRT-PCR detected circNRG-1 expression in MASMCs treated with Ang II (10 −7 M) for the different times. Data represent the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001 vs . Ang II for 0 h

Article Snippet: Circular RNA expression profiling was performed using Arraystar Mouse circRNA Array V2 analysis (Arraystar, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Control, Amplification, Marker, Sequencing, Fluorescence, In Situ Hybridization, Staining, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: Angiotensin II inhibits apoptosis of mouse aortic smooth muscle cells through regulating the circNRG-1/miR-193b-5p/NRG-1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1590-5

Figure Lengend Snippet: The orange, purple and green nodes represent circRNA, miRNA and mRNA respectively. Markers highlighting staining showed circNRG-1-miR-193b-5p-NRG-1 interactions

Article Snippet: Circular RNA expression profiling was performed using Arraystar Mouse circRNA Array V2 analysis (Arraystar, USA).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Cell Death & Disease

Article Title: Circ ERCC2 ameliorated intervertebral disc degeneration by regulating mitophagy and apoptosis through miR-182-5p/SIRT1 axis

doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-1978-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Volcano plots showed differential expression of circRNAs detected by circRNA microarray in IVDD compared with the control. b Volcano plots showed differential expression of circRNAs in GSE67566. c The 9 downregulated circRNAs in IVDD were identified based on the overlap of circRNA microarray and GSE67566. d Heatmap of 9 circRNAs in circRNA microarray and heatmap of 9 circRNAs in GSE67566. e qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the downregulation of circRNAs in IVDD compared with control. * p < 0.05. f circ ERCC2 is transcribed from 13, 14, and 15 exons of the ERCC2 gene. The expression of circ ERCC2 was lower in NP tissues from IVDD compared with the control detected by FISH. g FISH detection of circ ERCC2 in the cytoplasm of NPCs. In ( f ) and ( g ), blue fluorescence indicated the nucleus and green fluorescence indicated circ ERCC2. Scale bar: 20 μm. h Representative plots of apoptosis detected by flow cytometry. circ ERCC2 inhibited the rate of apoptosis of NPCs. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. i NPCs were treated by TBHP or/and circ ERCC2, and mitophagy and apoptosis related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis

Article Snippet: Identification of differentially expressed circRNAs was performed by overlapping microarray analysis of human circRNAs (Arraystar, CA, USA) and microarray dataset (GSE67566) obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Techniques: Quantitative Proteomics, Microarray, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, Western Blot